Part Ⅰ writing
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled My View on Changes of National Public Holiday. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:
1. 在中国实行已久的五一黄金周在2008年被缩短，但是新添了几个较短的法定假日
2. 这种变化带来的影响
3. 你如何看待这种变化
My View on Changes of National Public Holiday
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.
For questions 1--4, mark
Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;
NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.
For questions 5--10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Cutting Your Own CD
If your dream in life is to walk into a record store and see your very own CD on the shelf... get in line. This happens for only a very lucky few. But recent advances in technology make it pretty easy for you to achieve the dream of producing and recording your own CD. With the right equipment and software, if you can move a mouse or press a button you can record your own CD.
If you have a computer, all you really have to do is buy some software. If you want to make a small investment, there are digital recorders on the market that will take care of everything for you recording, mixing, mastering and burning, all in one neat package (though you do have to play your own instruments).
In this article, you'll find out the basics of CD production, from planning to recording to understanding the tools of the trade. There was a time when producing your own CD meant serious cash. You had to pay for studio time, studio engineers, studio musicians (if you're a solo artist) and duplicating your recording.
In the 1970s, when cassette tapes became cheap, available and recordable, people could distribute their own music and make cheap copies of anything. But the sound quality left something to be desired. Now, even the novice musician can produce a CD with a high sound quality.
Recording your own CD, unlike using a studio, is not insanely expensive. You can record your own high-quality digital CD with your own inexpensive equipment out of your own house, garage, basement, at tic ...
And for the technologically impaired (弱的), there's more good news: You don't need any special skills to record your own CD. Recording machines of the past required the skills of a studio engineer. Things have changed. With the use of computers and digital recording systems, all that's required is the ability to read and follow instructions. Another benefit of doing it yourself is that you can totally control your own music. And since it costs next to nothing to burn copies of your CD, you can easily give them to friends and acquaintances--shameless self-promotion is entirely encouraged--and sell them at performances or on the Internet for a profit.
There are really only four steps involved here; recording, mixing, mastering, and burning. You just need equipment that will perform these four tasks. There are three basic ways you can go about this. Component-Based Hardware System--this system involves separate pieces of recording, mixing, effect and CD-burning hardware, so you're dealing with an assortment of equipment.
Computer-Based Recording System--almost any powerful computer can run recording and CD--burning software. Many of these programs will let you mix the music and create effects. The costs here are lower than for a component-based set-up.
Studio Workstation--this type of equipment provides almost everything you need to cut your own CD in one portable unit. Getting equipped, you can begin the four steps now.
Recording. Whether we're talking vocals (声乐作品), guitar, drums, whatever, a recording device eaves the individual tracks and lets you play them back. Depending on the recorder, you might be saving the sound on a hard disk. a memory card, a digital tape or a CD. So you'll need a way to capture the sound and route it to the recorder (the studio workstation, mixer or computer is the recorder by the way).
When you record vocals, you'll capture the sound using a microphone. The microphone will be connected to an input jack(插孔) on your computer, mixer or studio workstation. The noise you make gets into the recording equipment through this input jack.
When you want to record electric instruments, the process is pretty much the same. Instead of using a microphone, you just plug your electric guitar, electric bass, drum machine or synthesizer right into the recording device.
If you want to use music you’ve already recorded music on a CD or cassette tape, you can record from the CD or cassette the way you do with instruments. Just connect a tape player or CD player to your recorder and hit "Play". All you're doing is taking music from one source and making it available on another. Any program will have complete instructions on recording just about anything you've got a lot of leeway(回旋余地) here.
Mixing. After you've recorded your music, you blend all the elements together. You mix the vocals with the guitar, bass, drum and other instrument tracks.
The mixer gives you control over the volume and sound of each track, and you can set the volume of each track in relation to the other tracks on the recording, so for instance, you can make the vocal track louder than the guitar track in the final mix. Without mixing, the guitar track may be too loud to hear the vocal track.
The main goal of mixing your music is to balance your track levels. Whatever mixer or computer mixing program you use will give you guidelines for adjusting the sound levels of the music.
During mixing, you need to pan(淘选) the tracks on your CD. When you listen to music, the sound comes from two separate speakers during the panning process, you adjust each sound to make sure it comes from the ideal place. For example, lead vocals and guitar often are panned to the center, and background harmonies come out of the sides (left and right). The controls on your mixer let you experiment to find the best configuration.
You can also adjust the equalization of your music. Equalization or EQ is the tone of the music. EQ is very similar to the bass and treble knobs on your home or car stereo. On your recorded tracks, you can select an element of sound and change the tone. For instance, you can make high vocals sound deeper or make the bass line pound a little harder.
Depending on your mixer, you may also be able to add effects to your music (if your mixer doesn't come with this capability, you can just buy an extra program or an external effects machine). There are a lot of different effects you can use to alter the sound of your music, and the right effects can turn a homegrown CD into a professional-sounding album.
Mastering. Once you're done mixing, you need to prepare the mix for the transfer to a CD. Mastering your music essentially means going over the recording one more time to make sure everything sounds the way you want it to before you put it on a CD.
Mastering has three main ideas: (1) Identify and fix any problems in your music. The best way to do this is to listen very carefully to your final mix Check the overall levels. Work with the track volumes. (2)Check the overall EQ. You can make volume corrections by equalizing as well as setting your levels. Make sure the tone of the music is what you're going for. Be sure to experiment until you find the perfect spot. (3)Add track markers to your CD. Up to now, "track" referred to a part of your music, such as a vocal track or a guitar tracks it now refers to an individual song. If your CD has more than one track, you need to put a marker at the beginning of each one This is so the CD player knows where each song starts. Again, your equipment will have directions that walk you through the how-to.
Burning. At last, it's time to burn your masterpiece. The CD burner may be an independent device, part of a computer or built into a studio workstation. There are two types of CDs you can use to burn your music. Most CD burners use CD-R 'RW. CD-R discs can't be erased once you burn them (the music CDs you buy m stores are CD-R). CD-RW discs can be erased so that you can reburn them.
Burning a CD is cake. The only major decision you have is whether you want to burn the entire CD in one shot or burn one song at a time. Adding one song at a time lets you burn different versions of the same song onto one CD, and you can build the album one song at a rime, burning tracks as you complete them
1. Recent development of technology makes it possible for you to produce your own CD, but it costs much.
2. The idea of using CD to replace cassette tape was driven by the low sound quality of the latter.
3. One of the advantages of recording CD oneself is that one has total control of his own music.
4. The costs of a Computer-Based Recording System are lower than that of a component-based Hardware System.
5. To record electric instruments, you just plug your ______ right into the recording device.
6. With the mixer, you can set the volume of each track of sound ______ the other tracks.
7. In the process of mixing, you should also make sure that each sound comes out of ______.
8. You can change the sound of your music to become more professional by adding ______.
9. If you want your CD player to know where each song of the album begins, you ______ to your CD.
10. Burning CD is easy, with only one important decision to make: to burn it once for all or______.
Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said, Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A). B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
11. A) He doesn't hear the woman's words clearly.
B) He doesn't agree with the woman.
C) He isn't sure about the weather.
D) He thinks it's a very hot day.
12. A) She wants to watch TV. B) She will listen to music.
C) She will rest at home. D) She intends to do some shopping.
13. A) Watch TV. B) Go for a swim.
C) Make better use of time. D) Follow the official procedure.
14. A) Try to help him find rooms in another hotel.
B) Check to see if there are any vacancies in her hotel.
C) Let him move to a room with two single beds,
D) Show him the way to Imperial Hotel.
15. A) Mary is going to Hawaii. B) Mary has traveled all over the world.
C) Mary likes postcards. D) Mary is going on vacation.
16. A) Husband and wife. B) Teacher and student.
C) Policeman and driver. D) Mother and son.
17. A) He dislikes museums and galleries.
B) He does not care about the hot weather.
C) Going to the beach is the best choice.
D) He doesn't want to go to Washington.
18. A) He is good at drawing pictures.
B) He likes paintings very much.
C) He likes visiting the art museum very much.
D) He thinks the art museum is a very quiet place
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
19. A) The effects of caffeine. B) Some causes of headaches.
C) How to do well on exams. D) Problems with the student cafeteria.
20. A) He has a headache. B) He failed his history exam.
C) He is tired. D) He is too busy.
21. A) Coffee may help prevent heart disease.
B) Coffee does not necessarily cause heart disease.
C) Coffee has less caffeine than Coca-cola.
D) The taste of regular and decaffeinated coffee is the same.
22. A) It helps people work efficiently.
B) It's more refreshing than Coca-cola.
C) It should not he drunk too much.
D) It has less flavor than tea.
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
23. A) A class presentation they're preparing.
B) A television program the man is watching.
C) Visiting a close friend of theirs.
D) Studying for a test.
24. A) He's taking a break from studying.
B) He has already finished studying.
C) He was assigned to watch a program by his professor.
D) He's finding out some information for a friend.
25. A) He and Elizabeth argued recently.
B) He heard Elizabeth did poorly on the last test.
C) He doesn't want to bother Elizabeth so late in the evening.
D) He'd rather study in his own dormitory.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage 1
Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.
26. A) The difficulties in teaching spelling.
B) The role of spelling in general language development.
C) The complexities of the basic writing skills.
D) The necessity of teaching spelling.
27. A) Because students will he able to express their ideas more freely.
B) Because students will make less mistakes in spelling.
C) Because students will learn to be independent of teachers.
D) Because students will write words within his spelling range.
28. A) Unfair. B) Reasonable.
C) Foolish. D) Careless.
29. A) The importance of developing writing skills.
B) The complexities of spelling.
C) The correct way of marking compositions.
D) The relationship between spelling and the content.
Passage 2
Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.
30. A) Less than 30 minutes. B) From 30 to 45 minutes.
C) At least 45 minutes. D) More than 30 minutes.
31. A) He should show respect for the interview.
B) He should show confidence for himself.
C) He should be dressed properly.
D) He should talk enthusiastically.
32. A) Speaking politely and emotionally.
B) Talking loudly to give a lasting impression.
C) Talking a lot about the job.
D) Speaking confidently but not aggressively.
Passage 3
Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
33. A) They usually leave their children alone.
B) They set high standards for their children.
C) They allow for failure on the part of their children.
D) They control their children to a minimum degree.
34. A) Criticize him for the lower marks and praise him for the good.
B) Praise him and give some suggestions for further improvement.
C) Praise him for the lower marks and reward him.
D) Criticize him for the lower marks and punish him.
35. A) Reward in promoting the children's study.
B) Self-control and independence in child growth.
C) Emotional reaction in promoting achievement.
D) Praise in promoting desired behavior.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. Forblanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
Dr. Gregory Connolly is director of the office for non-smoking and health in the Massachusetts public health department. He said the U. S. had (36) Taiwan, Japan, Korea and Thailand with trade sanctions unless they opened up their markets to US cigarettes and tobacco (37) .
"We are trading them cancer in the form of Camel cigarettes", Connolly told a world health conference. "That is something to be (38) and ashamed of. " Connolly did not say when the threats were made or by whom. U.S. tobacco company officials were not immediately (39) for comment.
American Cancer Society chief (40) William Tipping said, "American corporations are the (41) of an epidemic and our government has become a willing (42) for the enforced. export of that epidemic. Those of us from America can only feel ashamed at our administration's (43) in undermining world health. "
(44) . Later Wednesday, the American Cancer Society announced that its new Trade for Life campaign would help Thailand fight what it called U. S. moves to force open the Asian country's market to American tobacco companies. (45) . Tipping said the GATT case could set a precedent in allowing international tobacco companies to force their products and advertising on developing countries, (46) .
Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Plagiarism is the practice of dishonestly claiming or implying original authorship of material which one has not actually created, such as when a person incorporates material from someone else's work into his own work without attributing it. The United States of America Office of Research Integrity (47) plagiarism as "the appropriation of another person's idea, processes, results or words without (48) appropriate credit". Moreover, Shakespeare's appropriation of stories into his plays may be considered plagiarism except that Shakespeare (49) claimed that the stories were his own.
Within academia, plagiarism is seen as (50) dishonesty and is a serious and punishable academic offense.
There is little academic research into the frequency of plagiarism. Any research that has taken place has (51) on universities (high educations). Of the (52) of cheating (including plagiarism, inventing data and cheating during an exam), students admit to plagiarism more than any other. 25% to 90% of students admit to plagiarism. However, this figure (53) considerably to 20% and 10% when students are asked about the frequency of "serious" plagiarism (such as copying most of an assignment, or purchasing a (54) paper from a website).
Plagiarism is not necessarily the same as copyright infringement(侵害), which occurs when one violates copyright law. The copying of a few sentences for a (55) is fair use under copyright law, but, if not attributed to the true (56) , it is plagiarism.
A) increases I) never
B) focused J) complete
C) social K) decreases
D) forms L) depended
E) quotation M) author
F) ever N) defined
G) giving O) paragraph
H) academic
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage 1
If sustainable competitive advantage depends on work force skills, American firm shave a problem. Human-resource management is not traditionally seen as central to the competitive survival of the firm in the United States. Skill acquisition is considered an individual responsibility. Labor is simply another factor of production to be hired--rented at the lowest possible cost--must as one buys raw materials or equipment.
The lack of importance attached to human-resource management can be seen in the corporate pecking order. In an American firm the chief financial officer is almost always second in command. The post of head of human-resource management is usually a specialized job, oil at the edge of the corporate hierarchy. The executive who holds it is never consulted on major strategic decisions and has no .chance to move up to Chief Executive Officer. By way of contrast, in Japan the head of human-resource management is central usually the second most important executive, after the CEO, in the firm's hierarchy.
While American firms often talk about the vast amounts spent on training their work force, in fact, they invest less in the skills of their employees than do either Japanese or German firms. The money they do invest is also more highly concentrated on professional and managerial employees. And the limited investments that are made in training workers are also much more narrowly focused on the specific skills necessary to do the next job rather than on the basic background skills that make it possible to absorb new technologies.
As a result, problems emerge when new breakthrough technologies arrive. If American workers, for example, take much longer to learn how to operate new flexible manufacturing stations than workers in Germany (as they do), the effective cost of those stations is lower in Germany than it is in the United States. More time is required before equipment is up and running at capacity, and the need for extensive retraining generates costs and creates bottlenecks that limit the speed with which new equipment can be employed. The result is a slower pace of technological change And in the end the skills of the bottom half of the population affect the wages of the top half. If the bottom half can't effectively staff the processes that have to be operated, the management and professional jobs that go with these processes will disappear.
57. Which of the following applies to the human-resource management of American companies?
A) They hire people with the least possible money regardless of their skills.
B) They regard skill gaining as their employees' own business.
C) They prefer to hire self-trained workers.
D) They only hire skilled workers because of keen employment competition.
58. What is the position of the executive of human resource management in an American firm?
A) He is one of the most important executives of the firm.
B) His post is likely to disappear when new technologies have been introduced.
C) He has no say in making important decisions of the firm.
D) He is directly under the chief financial executive.
59. The money most American firms put in work force training mainly goes on ______.
A) technological and managerial staff
B) workers who will run new equipment
C) workers who lack basic background skills
D) top executives
60. Why is there a slow pace of technological change in American firms?
A) New equipment in America is more expensive.
B) American firms don't pay enough attention to on-the-job training of their work-era.
C) The decision-making process in American firms makes them less responsive to technological changes.
D) The professional staff of American firms are less paid and so less creative.
61. What is the main idea of the passage?
A) American firms' human resource management strategies affect their competitive capacity.
B) Human-resource management is a key factor in a firm's survival.
C) The cost of Work training in America is higher than that in Japan and Germany.
D) American firms are different from Japanese and German firms in human-resource management.
Passage 2
The ratio between payments into and out of a country is known as the country's balance of payments. Besides the value of imports, and exports (the balance of trade), the balance of payments includes private foreign loans (and interest); loans by governments, central banks, and international organizations; and movements of gold or reserve currencies.
An international medium of exchange is required for international trade. From the late 1800s until World War Ⅰ, most countries operated on the gold standard. Gold coins of standard specifications circulated freely between countries, making gold in effect an international currency. This system provided an automatic correction for some trade imbalances, but it had little liquidity (the money supply could not expand as rapidly as required by expanding trade), and it was vulnerable to short-term changes in the gold supply.
After the financial instability of the 1930s, the international monetary(货币的) system was rebuilt following World War Ⅱ on the gold-exchange standard. The values of most national currencies were fixed in relation to the U. S. dollar; reserves were kept in dollars, which could be exchanged on demand for gold at a set price ($35 an ounce until 1968). The International Monetary Fund (IMF), a key institution set up under this system, makes international loans with capital subscribed by its members which include most noncommunist states. Voting rights are proportional to the amounts subscribed. The IMF has been able, through its loans, to stabilize fluctuating currencies and to influence the internal financial policies of recipient(接受的) countries, a frequently criticized practice.
The success of the gold-exchange standard, however, depended on the superior position of the United States in world trade. In the 1960s, continual balance of payments deficits(赤字) lowered U. S. gold re serves and fatally undermined the system. In 1968 a two-tiered(两极的) system was adopted. Government banks maintained fixed gold prices, while nongovernmental buyers traded freely. Simultaneously, non-dollar special drawing rights (SDRs) were assigned to IMF members in proportion to their contributions. But these changes did not relieve strain on the U. S. dollar. In 1971 President Richard Nixon announced that dollars would no longer automatically be exchanged for gold, and since then there has been no single international monetary standard.
62. As a measure of money flow, the balance of payments differs from the balance of trade primarily because of its greater ______.
A) specificity
B) accuracy
C) ability to predict future trends
D) comprehensiveness
63. The gold standard had limited liquidity most probably because ______.
A) the money supply could grow no faster than the supply of gold
B) it was impossible to convert the currency from country into another
C) the money supply varied independently to the gold supply
D) a nation's currency could not be freely converted into gold
64. The gold exchange standard differs from the gold standard in that ______.
A) it does not establish a generally accepted international medium of exchange
B) it establishes no relationship between the value of a given currency and the value of gold
C) the relationship it established between the value of any currency and the value of gold is indirect rather than direct
D) it is a two-tiered rather than a single-tiered system
65. When saying that "The success of the gold-exchange standard, however, depended on the superior position of the United States in world trade", the author is most probably referring that ______.
A) under this system, the United States was required to lend money to any country that asked
B) under this system, the United States was the only country allowed to maintain gold reserves
C) tying the value of most currencies to any one currency requires that the currency be Stable
D) the gold exchange standard is less flexible in meeting currency demands than the gold standard
66. According to the passage, since World War I the international monetary system has shown an overall trend toward ______.
A) tying the value of world currencies to the value of gold
B) greater centralized control of world trade
C) substituting several different monetary standards for a single unified standard
D) increasingly stable currencies
参考答案
Part Ⅰ Writing
My View on Changes of National Public Holiday
From 2008, the past national holiday pattern has changed: the previous seven-day Labor's Day has been shortened into a three-day holiday, with some new one-day holidays set up, such as Qingming Festival, Duanwu Festival, and Mid-autumn Day. And this change has become a hot topic around the country.
People hold different opinions about this change. Some argue that it is of great benefit. Firstly, it can restore and consolidate Chinese traditions, for Qingming Festival can remind people of their ancestors and those who sacrifice themselves for the liberation of the country, Duanwu Festival can make people better understand nationalism, and Mid-autumn Day can make people share the happiness of family-gathering. Secondly, it's helpful to release pressure on transportation with the short holidays adopted. Since in the past, many people would go traveling during the seven day Labor's Day, it will unquestionably put much pressure on the traffic. However, other people insist it is no good news for Chinese economy, especially tourism, with more people spending less on shopping and traveling in shorter holidays.
Personally, I think its benefits overweigh the demerits, since currently, with China developing at a surprising speed, it's more important to remind people of the virtues, traditions, and customs of Chinese civilization.
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
答案精解
1.N
题干需要加以判断的是录制自己的CD是不是费用很高。由关键词Recent development of technology和cost定位到第二段的内容，文中指出有了电脑，只需要买软件就行，如果要进行小小的投资，就去买数字记录器，这都说明花费不是很高，因此本题的陈述有误。
2.NG
题干是在讨论CD出现的原因。通过略读，我们确实发现了CD的声音质量高于录音磁带这一事实，但是至于这是不是推动了CD的出现，文中并没有给出相关信息。
3.Y
由题干关键词advantages和total control定位到第六段第五句Another benefit of doing it yourself is that you can totally control your own music. 这一句基本上与本题陈述一致，因此本题陈述正确。
4.Y
由题干关键词lower和component-based定位到第八段最后一句The costs here are lower than for a component- based set-up.这证明本题陈述是正确的。
5.electric musical instruments
由题干关键词To record electric instruments定位到第十二段首句When you want to record electric instruments，the process is pretty much the same. 接下来的第二句里提供了答案的线索”，you just plug your electric guitar, electric bass, drum machine or synthesizer right into the recording device. 电吉他、电贝斯、电子鼓和音响合成器可以统称为electric musical instruments。
6.in relation to/in proportion to
由题干关键词mixer定位到倒数第九段第一句The mixer gives you control over the volume and sound of each track, and you can set the volume of each track in relation to the other tracks on the recording... 这与本题陈述的意思基本一致，所以空格部分应该填入in relation to或者其同义词in proportion to。
7.the ideal speaker/the most appropriate speaker
题干关键词mixing和sound comes out of定位到倒数第七段第二句When you listen to music, the sound comes from two separate speakers-- during the panning process, you adjust each sound to make sure it comes from the ideal place. 这与本题陈述意思相近，空格里缺的是the ideal place。但是就本题而言，直接写下这个答案，句意并不明确，应该结合上下文的意思，把the ideal place理解为the ideal speaker或与之相近的表达。
8.effects
由题干关键词change the sound of your music定位到倒数第五段末句There are a lot of different effects you can use to alter the sound of your music, and the right effects can turn a home-grown CD into a professional-sounding album. 这与题干的意思很相近，因此空格里的词应该是effects。
9.add track marker/ put a marker
题干关键词CD player可以帮助迅速定位答案的位置。方法是查读倒数第四段Mastering后面所有带CD player字样的词，这样很快就找到了This is so the CD player knows where each song starts. 这个句子属于(3)Add track markers to your CD. 这一部分，说明答案是add track markers。当然，后面出现的put a marker也是正确的。
10.one song at a time
由题干关键词Burning和decision定位到最后一段第二句The only major decision you have is whether you want to burn the entire CD in one shot or burn one song at a time.与此句对比，题干的空格处应该填上one song at a time。
Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension
Section A
11. D)
W: This has to be the hottest day we've had so far this summer.
M: You can say that again. I've never suffered so much from the heat. I really want to stay inside the room and do nothing.
Q: What can we conclude from the man's words?
12. D)
M: What should we do tonight? Watch TV or listen to music?
W: There is a huge sale at the shopping mall in Baker Street. It was just opened yesterday.
Q: What does the woman mean?
13. D)
M: I have too many courses this semester. I'm going to have to drop one of them
W: In order to do that you have to go through the proper channels.
Q: What advice does the woman give the man?
14. A)
M: I wonder whether it will be possible to change this double-room to two single rooms.
W: Sorry, sir. All the single rooms are occupied. But if you like I can check with Imperial Hotel to see if it has any.
Q: What is the woman going to do for the man?
15. C)
W: I guess I'll send Mary a postcard from Hawaii when I go there on my vacation.
M: I'm sure that she'd be glad to get one. She has a collection of cards from all over the world.
Q: What do we learn about Mary?
16. C)
W: Why are you giving me a speeding ticket? I was going at 40 miles per hour.
M: Can't you see the notice nearby? It reads "10 mph limits".
Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
17. B)
W: The weather is terribly hot. Shall we go to the beach for the vacation for the coming holiday?
M: Oh, why? There are so many museums, art galleries and restaurants in Washington, I'd be happy there no matter what the weather is like.
Q: What does the man mean?
18. B)
W: Jack seems to have a fancy for paintings. On the walls of his bedroom, there are so many famous pictures. Some of them are priceless.
M: However, he does not like visiting the art museum because he considers it a noisy place.
Q: What can we conclude about Jack from the conversation?
Passage 1
57.B
细节题。由题干后半部分定位到首段第二句，可在接下来第三句“掌握劳动技能被认为是个人自己的责任”中得出本题答案。B)与此句意思一致。A)干扰性较强，前半句“以低工资雇佣工人”是正确的，但后半句“不考虑其他技能”与文章不符。
58.C
细节题。由题干executive定位到第二段第四句“担任人力资源部经理一职者在公司做重大决策时从未被咨询过”。这和C)完全相符。注意C)中的say是名词，意思是“发言权”。
59.A
细节题。由题干定位到第三段第二句，意思是说美国公司的投资更多地集中在专业人员和管理人员身上，这和A)完全一致。D)中的“高级人员”属于A)中的managerial staff，因此不能入选。
60.B
推断题。由题干a slower pace of technological change定位到第四段倒数第三句，但论述的原因在第二、三段。第二、三段提到几个原因，其中包括对人力管理部门不重视、对工人培训投资较少、投资面过窄(只培训工人做下一项工作所需的技术，而不是培训工人的基本技能以便使他们能接受新知识)。因此，只有B)符合题意。
61.A
主旨题。全文共四段，其中前三段讲述了美国人力管理情况，第四段讲述了不重视人力管理对公司造成的影响。A)“美国人力管理策略影响了其竞争能力”概括了全篇的内容。B)太笼统;C)只涉及员工的培训，未涉及其影响，故内容太窄;D)是文章的一项内容，但没有展开。
Passage 2
62.D
细节题。由题干balance of payments定位到文章首段。该段讲到balance of payments(收支平衡)包括balance of trade(贸易平衡)、国外贷款、政府贷款等多项内容。因此，前者比后者内容广泛。而D)comprehensiveness“全面的，广泛的”正合题意。
63.A
细节题。由题干limited liquidity(流动性限制)定位到第二段末句，由该句括号中的解释：资金供养不能根据货币需要而增加，可知A)为正确答案。
64.C
推断题。由题干gold-exchange standard和gold standard定位到第二、三段。第二段提到金本位指多数货币可直接与黄金挂钩;第三段第二句提到金汇兑本位制指多数货币与美元挂钩而美元与黄金挂钩，即在金汇兑本位制下，各国货币与黄金的关系是间接的。C)“它(金汇兑本位制)在各种货币和黄金之间建立的关系是间接的，而不是直接的”与文章内容正好相符。D)是事实，但不是二者的区别。
65.C
语义题。从文中可知gold-exchange standard(金汇兑本位制)指多数货币与美元挂钩，因此美元必须保持稳定。而只有美国保持其在世界贸易中的优势地位才能使美元保持稳定。故C)为正确答案。
66.C
细节题。答案可从文中最后一句得出，即1971年尼克松总统宣布美元不再自动兑换黄金，从那时起已无单一的货币单位。这和C)意思一致。A)与第二段第二句18世纪末到第一次世界大战为止，多数国家采用金本位不符;选项B)文中未提;由第三段关键词instability和fluctuating currencies可以判断D)与文章不符。