Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B) ,C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:
Increasingly, over the past ten years, people—especially young people—have
become aware of the need to change their eating habits, because much of the food they eat, particularly processed foods, is not good for health. Consequently,there has been a growing interest in natural foods: foods which do not contain chemical additives and which have not been affected by chemical fertilizers widely used in farming today.
Natural foods, for example, are vegetables, fruit and grain which have been grown in soil that is rich in organic matter.In simple terms, this means that the soil has been nourished by unused vegetable matter, which provides it with essential vitamins and minerals. This in itself is a natural process compared with the use of chemicals and fertilizers, the main purpose of which is to increase the amount but not the quality of foods grown in commercial farming areas.
Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in healthy pastures. Compare this with what happens in the mass production of poultry: there are battery farms, for example, where thousands of chickens live crowded together in one building and are fed on food which is little better than rubbish. Chickens kept in this way are not only tasteless as food; but also produce eggs which lack important vitamins.
There are other aspects of healthy eating which are now receiving increasing attention from experts on diet. Take, for example, the question of sugar. This is actually a nonessential food! Although a natural alternative, such as honey, can be used to sweeten food if this necessary, we can in fact do without it. It is not that sugar is harmful in itself. But it does seem to be additive: the quantity we use has grown steadily over the last centuries and in Britain today each person consumes an average of 200 pounds a year! Yet all it does is provide us with energy, in the form of calories. There are no vitamins in it, no minerals and nofiber. It is significant that nowadays fiber is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet. In white bread, for example ,the fiber has been removed. But it is present in unrefined flour and of course in vegetables. It is interesting to note that in countries where the national diet contains large quantities of unrefined flour and vegetables, certain diseases are comparatively rare. Hence the emphasis is placed on the eating of whole meal bread and more vegetables by modern experts on “healthy eating”.
21.Which statement best expresses the main idea of this article?
A) People should eat any food to keep themselves healthy and strong.
B) People should eat natural foods to keep themselves healthy and strong.
C) People should eat fiber foods to keep themselves healthy and strong.
D) People should eat vegetables to keep themselves healthy and strong.
22.“Particularly processed foods” means ____.
A) foods which are particularly processed by adding chemical additives
B) foods which are particularly made by commercial farms
C) foods which are specially produced by commercial factories
D) foods which are not specially made by adding anything
23.Natural foods means ____.
A) foods good for health
B) foods not good for health
C) foods such as vegetables, fruit and grain from rich organic matters soil
D) crops from rich organic matters soil and meats of animals from healthy pastures
24.There are no vitamins, no minerals and no fibers in ____.
A) natural foods C) sugar
B) animal meats D) fruit
25.“Yet all it does is provide us with energy, in the form of calories.” It means ____.
A) processed food provides us with energy
B) natural food furnishes us with vitamins and minerals
C) sugar gives us enough energy in the form of calories
D) fiber helps us to digest food
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:
With a tremendous roar from its rocket engine, the satellite is sent up into the sky. Minutes later, at an altitude of 300 miles, this tiny electronic moon begins to orbit about the earth. Its radio begins to transmit an astonishing amount of information about the satellite's orbital path, the amount of radiation it detects, and the presence of meteorites. Information of all kinds races back to the earth.No human being could possibly copy down all these facts, much less remember and organize them. But an electronic computer can.
The marvel of the machine age, the electronic computer has been in use only since 1946. It can do simple computations—add,subtract, multiply and divide—with lighting speed and perfect accuracy. Some computers can work 500,000 times faster than any person can.
Once it is given a “program” — that is, a carefully workedout set of in structions devised by a technician trained in computer language — a computer ca gather a wide range of information for many purposes. For the scientist it can get information from outer space or from the depth of the ocean. In business and industry the computer prepares factory inventories, keeps track of sales trends and production needs, mails dividend checks, and makes out company payrolls. It can keep bank accounts up to date and make out electric bills. If you are planning a trip by plane, the computer will find out what to take and what space is available.
Not only can the computer gather facts, it can also store them as fast as they are gathered and can pour them out whenever they are needed. The computer is really a highpowered“memory” machine that “has all the answers”—or almost all.Besides gathering and storing information, the computer can also solve complicated problems that once took months for people to do.
At times computers seem almost human. They can “read” handprinted letters, play chess, compose music, write plays and even design other computers. Is it any wonder that they are sometimes called “thinking” machines?
Even though they are taking over some of the tasks that were once accomplished by our own brains, computers are not replacing us at least not yet. Our brain has more than 10 million cells. A computer has only a few hundred thousand parts. For some time to come, then, we can safely say that our brains are at least 10,000 times more complex than a computer.How we use them is for us, not the computer, to decide.
26.In the first paragraph, the author thinks an electronic computer can ____.
A) copy down all the facts
B) remember all the facts
C) organize the facts and everything
D) copy down, remember and organize all the facts
27.“Program” means ____.
A) a plan of what is to be done
B) a complete show on a TV station at a fixed time table
C) a scheduled performance
D) series of coded instructions to control the operations of a computer
28.The computer is a high powered “memory” machine, which ____.
A) has all the ready answers — or almost all to any questions
B) can remember everything
C) can store everything and work for you
D) has all the answers — or almost to all the information that has been stored
29. “Thinking” machines suggest that ____.
A) they can “read” hand printed letters etc
B) they really can think and do many other jobs
C) they even design other computers
D) they can't think, but can do something under human control
30.Can computers do whatever they want to do?Why?
A) Yes, because some computers can work 500,000 times faster than any person can.
B) No, because they normally have a few hundred thousand parts.
C) No, because human brains are at least 10000 times more complex than any computers.
D) No, because how a computer works is decided by human.
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
No one expressed this attitude more strongly than Noah Webster (17581843).
Born near Nartford, Connecticut, he received his education at Yale College and later began to practise law. But business in this profession was slow, and he was forced to turn to teaching. As a teacher, he soon discovered that the English school books then in use were unsatisfactory, and the American Revolution reduced the supply of such books as there were. Webster therefore began to work on three simple books on English, a spelling book, a grammar, and a reader, and these were the first books of their kind to be published in this country. The success of the first part was surprisingly great. It was soon issued again under the title THE AMERICAN SPELLING BOOK, and in this form about 80 million copies were sold during the next hundred years. From a profit of less than one cent a copy, Webster got most of his income for the rest of his life. Not only did the little book have great influence on many generations of school children, but it also had the effect or turning its author's attention to questions of language. In 1806 he produced a small dictionary,and this was followed by his greatest work, AN AMERICAN DICTIONARY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE, published in two volumes in1828. In both of these works and in many smaller writings he had one purpose: to show that the Englsih language in his country was a truly American thing, developing in its own special way and deserving to be considered from an independent, American point of view. As he himself wrote,“ It is not only important, but in a degree necessary, that the people of this country should have an AMERICAN DICTIONARY of the English language; for, although the body of the language is the same as in England…some differences exist…. No person in this country will be satisfied with the English definitions of the words congress, senate, assembly, court, and so forth, for although these are words used in England, yet they are applied in this country to express ideas which they do not express in that country.” By giving American meanings and American pronunciation, by adopting a number of American spellings, and especially by introducing quotations from American authors beside those from English literature, he was able, to a great extent, to justify the title of his work. If, after a hundred years, some people still doubt the existence of a separate American language, his efforts, nevertheless, have left a lasting mark on the language of his country.
31.Webster first tried to earn his living in the field of ____.
A) education C) law
B) journalism D) medicine
32.Webster earned most of his money from the sale of his ____.
A) dictionary of 1828 C) grammar
B) spelling book D) reader
33.Apparently Webster published his first books while he was a ____.
A) teacher C) lawyer
B) student D) doctor
34.This article could be entitled ____.
A) Noah Webster and American English Spelling
B) Noah Webster, the author of An American Dictionary of the English Language
C) Noah Webster
D) Noah Webster and American English Grammar
35.According to the article, Webster ____.
A) had created American English and its usages
B) had discovered American English and improved it
C) had tried his best and left a milestone on the language of his country
D) had left a language which was not used in England.
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:
Once upon a time, the United States seemed to have plenty of land to go around. Plenty of rivers to dam and plenty of rural valleys left over. Plenty of space for parks and factories. Plenty of forests to cut and grasslands to plow. But that was once upon a time. The days of unused land are over.Now the land has been spoken for, fenced off, carved up into cities and farms and industrial parks, put to use.
At the same time, the population keeps growing. People need places to work and places to play. So we need more sites for more industries, more beaches for more sunbathers, and more clean rivers for more fishers. And it isn't just a matter of population growth. Our modern technology has needs that must be met, too. We need more coal for energy, and we need more power plants; cars must have highways and parking lots, and jets must have airports.
Each of these land uses swallows up precious space.Highways and expressways alone take some 200,000 acres each year. And urban sprawl — the spreading out of cities — is expected to gobble up vast areas of land by the year 2,000. But there is only so much land to go around. It is always hard to decide. Take, for example, a forest. A forest can be a timber supply. It can provide a home for wildlife. It is scenery and a recreation area for man. It is soil and watershed protection.
36.“…the United States seemed to have plenty of land to go around ” means that ____.
A) the United States seemed to have vast land for its people to walk around
B) the United States seemed to have enough land for sharing with everyone
C) the United States could provide whatever its inhabitents' needs
D) the United States was not able to allow its people to do what they wanted to
37.The sentence of “Plenty of rivers to dam and plenty of rural valleys left over” suggests that ____.
A) the United States had a lot of rivers to dam and many rural valleys, too
B) the rivers could be damed later
C) rural valleys would be considered in the future
D) people needn't think of the rivers and valleys
38.“Now the land has been spoken for, …” tells us that ____.
A) today, land has shown its values
B) now, people have said something about land
C) nowadays, land has been claimed by human beings
D) recently, people spoke for the land
39.The phrase of “swallows up” informed us that ____.
A) these usages of land have good results
B) these lands must be used totally
C) the precious space was taken completely
D) the precious space were eaten up
40.The word “sprawl” indicates that ____.
A) cities are developing very fast to meet the people's demands
B) urban areas are diminishing smoothly
C) urban areas are enlarging steadily in a planned way
D) cities are spreading out without any plans
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
41.So frightened ____ in darkness that she did not dare to move an inch.
A) was the girl C) such a girl was
B) the girl was D) that the girl was
42.The students ____ the exercises, the teacher went on to explain the text.
A) doing C) having done
B) did D) to do
43.They talked about things and persons ____ they remembered in the school.
A) who C) that
B) which D) what
44.Such an obvious error ____ this would be avoided, if you were more careful.
A) like C) as
B) with D) of
45.They remained full of hope and determination ____ their repeated failures.
A) instead of C) because of
B) in search of D) in spite of
46.The car ____ seventy miles per hour until it reaches the riverside at about ten o'clock tonight.
A) goes C) went
B) will go D) will be going
47.He kept rubbing the child until ____ he fell asleep.
A) long after C) before long
B) soon after D) long before
48. ____ his youth and inexperience, he is not suitable for the job.
A) Seeing C) Having seen
B) Seen D) To see
49.When you ____ the test, check your papers before you hand them in.
A) will finish C) will have finished
B) are finishing D) have finished
50.I am interested in ____ you have told me.
A) which C) that
B) all what D) all that
51.No other quality is more important for a scientist to acquire ____ to observe carefully.
A) as C) and
B) than D) but
52.They were just about to give up the question, ____ suddenly they found the answer.
A) as C) when
B) while D) the moment
53.It was ____ then that I came to know that knowledge comes from practice.
A) until C) till
B) not until D) since
54.The world's supplies of petroleum ____.
A) have been gradually being exhausted
B) have gradually exhausted
C) are gradually exhausted
D) are being gradually exhausted
55.Everything depends on ____ we have enough time.
A) if C) whether
B) when D) that
56.I'd just as soon ____ rudely to her.
A) you not speak C) you didn't speak
B) your not speaking D) you hadn't spoken
57.The concert was so interesting that we all felt it ended ____ soon.
A) but too C) very
B) only too D) too
58.The roar of the crowd finally ____ to a murmur.
A) reduced C) decreased
B) diminished D) cut down
59.It's very discourteous to ____ during some one's conversation.
A) inspect C) interfere
B) interrupt D) instruct
60.Sometimes even the smallest thing will upset an ____ person.
A) annoyed C) irritable
B) irritated D) angry
61.The conversation was so interesting that we were ____ of the lateness of the hour.
A) negligible C) irrelevant
B) inattentive D) oblivious
62.The rainbow is one of the most beautiful ____ in nature.
A) phenomenon C) appearance
B) phenomena D) experience
63.It is ____ that nowadays fiber is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet.
A) serious C) significant
B) great D) vital
64.The performance will begin ____ at eightthirty.
A) precisely C) accordingly
B) consequently D) exceedingly
65.Mr.Smith, a chemistry teacher, never stops ____ new and better ways to improve his teaching.
A) discovering C) searching for
B) looking for D) finding out
66.People greatly differ ____ their views of life.
A) from C) at
B) to D) in
67.The geographical location of Hubei is quite favorable for agricultural production. It's ____ the land of fish and rice.
A) famous for C) known as
B) known by D) known to
68.The officials called for an immediate ____ to determine the cause of the accident.
A) investigation C) notification
B) preparation D) obligation
69.People usually ____ certain foods by keeping them in a refrigerator or freezer.
A) store C) keep
B) hold D) preserve
70.The girl carefully ____ every mispelled word on the page.
A) surrounded C) encircled
B) draw D) place
Part Ⅳ Translation
随着中国日益成为韩国的重要贸易伙伴，两国的联系从外交和贸易延伸到了教育领域。中国是韩国最大的出口目的地，吸收了韩国约四分之一的出口产品，同时也吸引了韩国超过四分之一的留学生。虽然在美国留学的好处之一是可以练习英语(对找工作的人来说英语依然是最重要的语言)，但韩国雇主对有中国经历的毕业生的需求越来越大。比如三星集团两年前说，具有中文语言能力的求职者会得到额外的加分。
Part Ⅴ Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic “Advertising”. You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below.
1. 广告的目的。
2. 为什么要做广告。
3. 厂商做广告的真实原因。
参考答案
Part Ⅱ
1短文大意
人们越来越多地意识到需要改变饮食习惯，而对天然的食物表现出更多的兴趣，因为天然食物不含化学添加剂，没有被化肥污染。天然食物，像蔬菜，水果和谷类生长在土壤里。富含有机物，能提供人体所需的维生素和矿物质，而化肥的使用没有顾及到食物的质量而是数量。天然食品还包括那些可以自由活动在良好牧场的动物，而那种大量生产家禽的农场里生产的鸡和蛋都缺少重要的维生素，而且不那么美味。关于饮食健康，专家们逐渐注意到一些另外的方面，如糖的问题。糖的人均消耗量逐年上升，但糖只以热量的形式提供能量，并不含维生素，矿物质和纤维，如今纤维被认为是健康饮食的重要组成部分。
21.答案B。
【参考译文】 下面哪一项最好地表达了本文的主要内容 ?
【试题分析】 此题考查对全文主旨的理解。
【详细解答】 根据文章内容 ,健康食品应该是一切天然食品,而不仅仅是蔬菜,纤维食品和其它的食品。
22.答案A。
【参考译文】 “特别是加工食品”，意思是“特别是加了化学添加剂的食品”。
【试题分析】 此题考查细节理解。
【详细解答】 加工食品实际上是加了化学添加剂的食品 ,它既不是商业农场,商业工厂生产的食品 ,也不是其它未作特殊处理的食品。见文章第一段。
23.答案D。
【参考译文】 天然食品是指……
【试题分析】 此题考查对文章主题的范围及定义的理解。
【详细解答】 天然食品是指从有丰富有机物的土壤里生长出的农作物和生活在有益于健康的牧场上自由觅食 ,自由奔跑的动物的肉类。文章第二段第一句及第三段第一句提供了此答案。
24.答案C。
【参考译文】 不含维生素、矿物质，也不含纤维的是……
【试题分析】 此题考查细节。
【详细解答】 糖既不含维生素 ,矿物质,也无任何纤维。参见文章第四段最后两句话。
25.答案C。
【参考译文】 “然而糖所能做的就是以卡路里 (热量单位)的形式，给我们提供能量”。
【试题分析】 本题为结合上下文理解细节题。
【详细解答】 由上下文可知，句中的“ it”指代的是“糖”，而非其他。
2短文大意
火箭将卫星发射到天空，几分钟之后，在 300英里的高度上，这一微型电子月球就开始绕地球运行，并迅速地向地球回送各种信息。人类本身没法复制所有这些信息，更不能记住并整理这些信息，而电子计算机却能，电子计算机自 1946年开始运用，可以以光的速度进行精确的计算，比人的速度快50万倍。一旦输入某种程序，计算机可以收集大范围的信息，科学家可利用它获得太空或海洋深处的信息;在商业，工业，银行等部门，计算机能提供各种不同的服务。计算机不仅能收集信息，还能尽快地储存信息，一旦需要，就能输出这些信息，还能解决复杂的问题。有时计算机几乎跟人一样，可以辨认手写的字，可以下棋，作曲，写剧本;甚至设计别的计算机，有时被称为“有思维的机器”也不奇怪。尽管如此计算机还是代替不了人类，人类大脑比计算机至少复杂上万倍，如何使用计算机是由我们而不是由计算机决定。
26.答案D。
【参考译文】 第一段中，作者认为电子计算机能够……
【试题分析】 此题为段落大意理解题。
【详细解答】 计算机既能复制 ,又能储存,还能排序。由文章第一段最后两句话可以选对此题答案。
27.答案D。
【参考译文】 文中“ program”一词的意思是……
【试题分析】 此题考查对长句子信息的把握。
【详细解答】 program可作“电视节目”讲,但本文中意为“程序”,即一连串的用来控制计算机操作的编码指令,而不是电视台要播出的节目。参见文章第三段开头一句不难得出答案D。
28.答案D。
【参考译文】 计算机是一种大功率储存器，它……
【试题分析】 此题为细节理解题。
【详细解答】 计算机是大功率储存器 ,它能提供一切有关它所储存了的信息的答案。另外，由第四段第二句话可以找出此题的答案。
29.答案D。
【参考译文】 “善于思考”的机器，意味着……
【试题分析】 本题为细节理解题。
【详细解答】 “善于思考”的机器 ,并不能思考,而是能在人们的控制下完成一些指定的任务。见文章倒数第二段。
30.答案D。
【参考译文】 计算机想做什么就能做什么吗 ?为什么?
【试题分析】 本题为判断题。
【详细解答】 计算机不是为所欲为的 ,因为人类决定它能做什么不能做什么。见文章最后一段话，而且根据常识我们也可以判断。
3短文大意
本文是一篇人物介绍。 Noah Webster(1758—1843)出生于美国康涅狄格州，曾就读于耶鲁大学，后来开始从事律师工作，因这一行业不景气，所以改行教书。教书过程中，他发现所使用的课本不令人满意，而且由于美国革命而减少了课本的发行，所以他开始编写有关拼写，语法和阅读书籍。这在美国是最早的也获得了巨大的成功。《美国拼写法》，这本书在十九世纪售出 8千万册。Webster因此而获得了一笔收入作为他后半生生活的主要来源。这本书不仅对一代又一代学生产生了巨大影响，而且也使Webster自己将其注意力转向研究语言的问题，后来他编写了他的巨著《美国英语词典》共有两卷，1828年出版。其目的是表明英语在美国是真正的美国货，应该以美国人自己独特的角度来看待。他写道：“美国英语不仅重要，而且必要，美国人应该有自己的美国英语词典。尽管语言形式大体相同，但依然存在区别…”他采用美式拼法，注上美式发音和美国意思，还特别引用美国作家们的语言，这在很大程度上使他这部作品名副其实。如果多年后有人依然怀疑独立的美语的存在的话，无论如何他的贡献在美国英语发展史上树了一个里程碑。
31.答案C。
【参考译文】 Webster开始是靠当律师维持生计的。
【试题分析】 此题为细节题。
【详细解答】 见文章第二句话，他就读于耶鲁大学，后来开始从事律师工作，这里 began to practice law是关键。
32.答案B。
【参考译文】 他大部分的经济收入来源于他的拼写书的销售。
【试题分析】 此题为寻找具体信息题。
【详细解答】 见文中“ From a profit of less than one cent a copy, Webster got most of his income for the rest of his life.”这句话，联系上下文得知，Webster的生活来源主要是靠出售《美国拼写法》一书所得收入，而不是靠出售他编撰的字典，语法和简易读物。
33.答案A。
【参考译文】 显然当 Webster还是教师的时候就出版了他的第一批著作。
【试题分析】 此题为直接推测题。
【详细解答】 此题可用排除法。文中没有提到 doctor一词，所以很容易排除。文中也没提到他在当学生期间的贡献或成就，他开始是律师，但后来改行当了教师，是在执教期间写的书。
34.答案C。
【参考译文】 本文的标题可能是……
【试题分析】 此题考查文章内容的范围。
【详细解答】 N.Webster只有这个题目能包含和反映全文的一切内容。
35.答案C。
【参考译文】 根据本文所述， Webster付出了最大努力，在美国英语发展史上树立了一个里程牌。
【试题分析】 此题为判断题。
【详细解答】 此题可用排除法。 A不对，因为文中并没有提出 Webster创造出美国英语及其用途，他只是想表明美国英语与英国英语存在着区别。 B也不对，因为文中没提及他改进了美国英语。 D在文中也没有提到，而且根据常识也可判断D错。
Part Ⅳ
【参考译文】
As China’s increasing importance as a trading partner becomes palpable in neighboring South Korea, the connections between the countries are extending from diplomacy and trade to education. As South Korea’s biggest export destination, China takes in a quarter of South Korea’s exports—and it also attracts more than a quarter of its neighbor’s students abroad. Although studying in the United States is practice speaking English, which is still seen as the most important language for job seekers, Korean employers are increasingly looking for graduates with experience in China. Samsung Group, for example, said two years ago that job applicants with Chinese language skills would get bonus points.
Part Ⅴ
写作指导
这是一篇关于广告的议论文，考生应根据题目所给出的结构进行展开，千万不可因为熟悉“广告”这一题材就浮想联翩，下笔千言却离题万里。首先弄清楚每一段的内容及各段之间有何联系，不要在写完了第一段之后，发现要写的第二段的内容已在前一段写过了，所以写之前先构思，找个腹稿，或在稿纸上写上要点。
在范文中，第一段指出广告的目的有的是让消费者知道其产品和服务，但大多数广告是为 了说服人们买这而不是买那。第二段指出广告是推销产品的手段，做广告让消费者清楚某种品牌比其他的更有优势是十分必要的。即做广告的必要性及原因，最后一段写厂商做广告的起初原因是因为他们发现花一笔钱对其产品做广告总的来说比降价出售更有利。
Sample Writing
Advertising
A certain amount of advertising is of an informative kind, the aim simply being to let consumers know what goods and services are available—“consumer education” as it is sometimes called. Most advertising, however, is of a persuasive or competitive kind, the aim of which is to persuade people to buy one thing rather than something else.
Advertising is a selling cost particularly associated with imperfect competition. Advertising is a way of marketing goods. In the sale of branded goods, advertising is essential in order to try to impress on consumers that one maker's brand is superior to all others, although in fact the only difference between brands may sometimes be in their trade marks and labels.
Any producer with some degree of monopoly, however slight, will generally find it more advantageous to advertise his products widely and at considerable expense rather than cut his prices.