【题目】
How do movies or television influence people’s behavior? Use reasons and specific examples to support your answer.
【范文】
The Influence of Television and Movies
There is no doubt that watching television and movies can influence the way that people behave. Moreover, it seems that people are spending more and more time watching some sort of visual entertainment, whether it is television, a video tape or a DVD. Therefore, the effects of visual media cannot be ignored.
One obvious effect of these media is that watching them induces people to buy certain products. Television advertising is widespread and, nowadays, even movie theaters permit advertisements. Another way TV and the movies affect people is that they give people either a broader view of the world or a distorted one, depending on what type of program they watch. Those who watch news and educational program can learn many new things while those who watch primarily entertainment shows may come to believe that most people in the world possess great wealth and good looks. It may make them become dissatisfied with their own lives. Finally, perhaps the most susceptible viewers are children, who may be unable to tell fact from fiction and may try to imitate acts that they see on TV or in the movies.
With the ever-increasing popularity of video entertainment, society must pay attention to these effects. Television and movies, while entertaining and informative, cannot take the place of real experience.
四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.
长篇阅读
Preparing for Computer Disasters
A) Summary: When home office computers go down, many small businesses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disasters and minimize their effects is quite straightforward.
B) Fires, power surges, and floods, they're all facts of life. We read about them in the morning paper and see them on the evening news. We sympathize with the victims and commiserate over their bad luck. We also shake our heads at the digital consequences—melted computers, system failures, destroyed data. Yet, somehow, many of us continue to live by that old mantra of denial: "It won't happen to me." Well, the truth is, at some point you'll probably have to deal with at least one disaster. That's just how it goes, and in most aspects of our lives we do something about it. We buy insurance. We stow away provisions. We even make disaster plans and run drills. But for some reason, computer disaster recovery is a blind spot for many of us. It shouldn't be. Home computers contain some of our most important information, both business and personal, and making certain our data survives a disaster should be a priority. Moreover, even the smallest disaster can be a serious disruption. Personal computers have become an integral part of the smooth-running household. We use them to communicate, shop, and do homework, and they're even more vital to home office users. When home office computers go down, many small businesses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disasters and minimize their effects is quite straightforward. With a good offsite storage plan and the right tools, you can bounce back quickly and easily from minor computer disasters. And, should a major calamity strike, you can rest assured your data is safe.
Offsite Storage: Major Disasters
C) House fires and floods are among the most devastating causes of personal computer destruction. That's why a solid offsite backup and recovery plan is essential. Although many home users faithfully back up their hard drives, many would still lose all their data should their house flood our burn. That's because they keep their backups in relatively close to their computers. Their backup disks might not be in the same room as their computers—tucked away in a closet or even the garage—but they're not nearly far enough away should a serious disaster strike. So, it's important to back up your system to a removable medium and to store it elsewhere.
D) There are many ways to approach offsite storage. It starts with choice of backup tools and storage medium. Disaster situations are stressful, and your recovery tools shouldn't add to that stress. They must be dependable and intuitive, making it easy to schedule regular backups and to retrieve files in a pinch. They must also be compatible with your choice of backup medium. Depending on your tools, you can back up to a variety of durable disk types—from CDs to Jaz drives to remote network servers. Although many of these storage media have high capacity, a backup tool with compression capabilities is a big plus, eliminating the inconvenience of multiple disks or large uploads.
E) Once you select your tools and a suitable medium, you need to find a remote place to store your backups. The options are endless. However, no matter where you choose, be sure the site is secure, easily accessible, and a good distance away from your home. You may also want to consider using an Internet-based backup service. More and more service providers are offering storage space on their servers, and uploading files to a remote location has become an attractive alternative to conventional offsite storage. Of course, before using one of these services, make certain you completely trust the service provider and its security methods. Whatever you do, schedule backups regularly and store them far away from your home.
Come What May: Handling the Garden Variety Computer Crisis
F) Not all home computer damage results from physical disaster. Many less menacing problems can also hobble your PC or destroy your information. Systems crash, kids "rearrange" data, adults inadvertently delete files. Although these events might not seem calamitous, they can have serious implications. So, once again, it's important to be prepared. As with physical disasters, regular backups are essential. However, some of these smaller issues require a response that's more nuanced than wholesale backup and restoration. To deal with less-than-total disaster, your tool set must be both powerful and agile. For example, when a small number of files are compromised, you may want to retrieve those files alone. Meanwhile, if just your settings are affected, you'll want a simple way to roll back to your preferred setup. Yet, should your operating system fail, you'll need a way to boot your computer and perform large-scale recovery. Computer crises come in all shapes and sizes, and your backup and recovery tools must be flexible enough to meet each challenge.
The Right Tools for the Right Job: Gearing up for Disaster
G) When disaster strikes, the quality of your backup tools can make the difference between utter frustration and peace of mind. Symantec understands this and offers a range of top quality backup and recovery solutions. Norton GoBack is the perfect tool for random system crashes, failed installations, and inadvertent deletions. With this powerful and convenient solution, it's simple to retrieve overwritten files or to bring your system back to its pre-crash state. Norton Ghost is a time-tested home office solution. Equipped to handle full-scale backups, it's also handy for cloning hard drives and facilitating system upgrades. A favorite choice for IT professionals, it's the ideal tool for the burgeoning home office. You can buy Norton Ghost and Norton GoBack separately, or get them both when you purchase Norton System Works.
H) Life's disasters, large and small, often catch us by surprise. However, with a little planning and the right tools, you can reduce those disasters to bumps in the road. So, don't wait another day. Buy a good set of disaster recovery tools, set up an automatic backup schedule, and perform a dry run every now and again. Then, rest easy.
对应题目：
1. You should take steps to recover from computer disasters so as to minimize their effects.
2. For some reason, computer disaster recovery is always ignored by many of us.
3. You can bounce back quickly and easily minor computer disasters with the help of a good offsite storage plan and the right tools.
4. The most devastating causes of personal computer destruction includes house fires and floods.
5. It's necessary for us to back up our systems to some transferable medium and to put it somewhere else.
6. You should find a distant place to store your backups after selecting your tools and a suitable medium.
7. Not only physical disaster can damage your computer.
8. The backup and recovery tools must be flexible enough to deal with various computer crises.
9. The quality of your backup tools determines whether you are frustrated or have a peaceful mind when disaster strikes.
10. You should prepare for your computer disasters now and again.
答案参考：
1. A 根据题干中的信息词recover from computer disasters定位到本文的第一段。
2. B 根据题干中的信息词computer disaster recovery和many of us定位到本文的第二段第11句话，computer disaster recovery is a blind spot for many of us。
3. B 根据题干中的信息词offsite storage plan and the right tools定位到本文的第二段倒数第二句话。
4. C 根据题干中的信息词most devastating causes定位到第一个小标题下第一段的第一句话可知原文提到了家庭火灾和水灾是个人电脑危机的最具毁灭性的根源。
5. C 根据题干中的信息词back up our system及medium定位到第一个小标题下第一段的最后一句话。
6. E 根据题干中的信息词find a remote place to store your backups定位到第一个小标题下第三段的第一句话。
7. F 根据题干中的信息词physical disaster定位到第二个小标题下的前两句话。
8. F 根据题干中的信息词backup and recovery tools及computer crises定位到第二个小标题下的最后一句话。
9. G 根据题干中的信息词The quality of your backup tools和frustrated定位到第三个小标题下第一段的第一句话。
10. H 根据题干中的信息词prepare for your computer，总结文章最后一段大意即可找到答案。
阅读理解训练(1)
Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer.
Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell.But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger.
For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hor- mones (荷尔蒙).They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etC.In general the person feels excited and ready to act.
Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure.
Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.”
Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger.
1. “Damaging emotion” means that _________.
A.the emotion is harmless B.the emotion is harmful
C.the feeling is very strong D.the feeling is hard
2. What statement is right?
A.Were you angry, you would be cancered (得癌症).
B.Once you are angry, you must be cancered.
C.Angry as you are often, you can't be cancered,
D.Anger may cause you a cancer.
3. Expressing anger violently _________ repressing it according to some scientists.
A.is just the same as B.is more harmful than
C.is no better than D.is much better than
4.According to the author, you'd better _________.
A.never be angry
B.cool it down before you express it
C.laugh and laugh when you get angry
D.admit you are wrong when you are angry
答案.BDCB
There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling. No school I have ever taught in has ever ignored spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill. There are, however, different ideas about how to teach it, or how much priority (优先) it must be given over general language development and writing ability. The problem is how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding him back with the complexities (复杂性) of spelling. If spelling becomes the only focal (焦点的) point of his teacher’s interest, clearly a bright child will be likely to “play safe”. He will tend to write only words within his spelling range, choosing to avoid adventurous language. That’s why teachers often encourage the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.
I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a personal experience: “This work is terrible! There are far too many spelling errors and your writing is terrible.” It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil’s technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted(省略) to read the essay, which contained some beautiful expressions of the child’ s deep feelings. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centered on the child’ s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation (动机) to seek improvement.
1.Teachers are different in their opinions about _________.
A.he difficulties in teaching spelling
B.the role of spelling in general language development
C.the complexities of the basic writing skills
D.the necessity of teaching spelling
2.The underlined expression “play safe” probably means ________.
A.to write carefully
B.to do as teachers say
C.to use dictionaries frequently
D.to avoid using words one is not sure of
3. Teachers encourage the use of dictionaries so that ____________.
A.students will be able to express their ideas more freely
B.students will have more confidence in writing
C.students will have less trouble in correcting mistakes
D.students will learn to be independent of teachers
4. The author seems to think that the teacher’s judgment on that sensitive piece of writing is __________.
A.unfair B.reasonable C.foolish D.careless
答案：.BDAA
翻译题：
我们的现代化建设，必须从中国的实际出发。无论是革命还是建设，都要注意学习和借鉴外国经验。但是，照抄照搬别国经验、别国模式，从来不能得到成功。这方面我们有过不少教训。把马克思主义的普遍真理同我国的具体实际结合起来，走自己的道路，建设有中国特色的社会主义，这就是我们总结长期历史经验得出的基本结论。
参考答案:
Our country's modernization must start from the reality of China.Either on the revolution or the construction we need to learn and draw the experience from the foreign countries.But we will never win the success if we mechanically copy other countries'experience or formats.We have already had the lesson in this aspect.It is the basic conclusion which we summarized the long-term historical experience that we should combine the Marxism's univertsal truth with our specific situation together,walking on our own roads and building up the socialism with Chinese characteristic.